Each time you mail your resume always include a cover letter stating your
interest in the firm. Even if the cover letter was not specified as a requirement
in an advertisement, it's expected that you will write one. First Impressions are important. Your cover letter is often your first
introduction to an employer.
A cover letter creates impressions and expectations in the mind of the person
screening the resume. A cover letter tailored to a specific company and job
advertisement creates a favorable impression and this impression will carryover
to the resume. A poor cover letter that is not tailored to a specific company
creates a negative impression that will carryover to the resume. Remember, the
objective is to convince the employer that you should be interviewed for the
position.
General Description
Rules of Cover Letter Writing
Cover Letter Mistakes
Cover Letter Samples & Resources
General Description
Opening. This is where you describe who you are as it relates to the employers
needs, why you're writing and how you heard about the organization or the specific opening. Explain why you are
writing. State the position you are seeking and the source of the job opening
(e.g., newspaper ad, professional organization, colleague).
Main body. The objective of this part of the letter is to list, either in
paragraph form or as an actual list of bullet points, the reasons why the employer
should see you as a viable candidate. Highlight your job qualifications and link
them to the firm's needs. Show that you know something about the firm and are interested in
the firm's products or services. Explain why you chose this company.
For example, you know someone who works there, you use their products or
you heard about their good reputation. Employers like to know that
you have chosen them for a reason and that they're not just one of hundreds
of companies you're writing to as part of a mass mailing.
Closing. Request an interview. Suggest a specific date and time. For
example: "I'll contact you on Monday morning to see when you might
be able to meet with me." Thank the employer for his or her time and effort.
Keep your letter short and to the point. A cover letter should contain only three
or four paragraphs and be no longer than one page.
Rules of Cover Letter Writing
- Address the letter to the person you want to contact, preferably the one
doing the hiring. Be sure the name is spelled correctly and the title is correct.
If you are responding to a specific advertisement follow the instructions.
- Type or word-process your resume or have it professionally printed. If you use
a computer printer, make sure the print is "letter quality." Use 8 1/2" x 11"
20 Ib. weight, 100% cotton bond paper in white, cream or ivory.
- Use a font
and type size that is easy to read. Double space your cover letter with four
spaces in between paragraphs. Use wide margins. Center or left-justify and
capitalize all headings.
- Make sure your cover letter "looks good" - neat, readable, symmetrical and
visually balanced. Stay away from needless, attention-getting visual effects.
Smudges and marks are unacceptable.
- Tailor your letter as much as possible to the target reader and industry.
Show that you know something about the company and the industry.
Use terms and phrases that are meaningful to the employer.
Describe what you can do for the prospective employer not what they can do for
you. Convey focused career goals.
- Explain why you are apply for this job. The answer to this question may be obvious. Frequently,
it is not. If this job is a logical career move, you do not have to say
very much in cover letter in order to answer this question. The answer will likely
be obvious to the employer. However, if you are making a change in career direction
you have to explain yourself.
- Refer to qualifications, experience and skills that are described in the
job posting and how you satisfy these requirements.
- Indicate where you can be reached by including your telephone number and/or
email address.
- Proofread your resume carefully and then have someone else proofread it.
Be sure your spelling, grammar and punctuation are flawless. Use your word-
processing spell checker. Get other people's opinions of your letter before
you send it.
- Keep easily accessible copies of all letters you mail, fax or email along
with a log of when letters were sent so that you can follow up on them.
Cover Letter Mistakes
- Handwriting: Do not handwrite the letter and do not type your signature. Nothing
sent to a potential employer should ever be handwritten. You must sign each cover letter.
Do not type your signature or rely on a word processor font to fake your signature.
-
Inappropriate stationary: Do not use colored stationary. White, Ivory and Cream are
the only acceptable paper colors for a cover letter. Do not use transparent
typing paper or personal stationary. The stationary you use for the cover letter
must be the same as that used for the resume.
- Salary Information. Unless required do not state salary expectations or your
previous salaries. If specifically required include a salary range.
- Erroneous company or personal information: Don't make empty claims that
aren't backed up with examples. You should be clear about the company's
products and the other information related to the company and especially the
recent happenings. When citing information about a company, be specific.
If you haven't researched the company, don't bluff.
- Length. Don't write more than one page unless the prospective employer has asked for
a detailed or extended cover letter. It is better to single space a cover letter
than it is to send a two page cover letter.
- Negative comments. Don't say anything negative about your employment situation
or your life in general. Your cover letter should be positive reflection of
your skills and qualifications.
- Personal Information. Don't include any personal information such as
photographs, your health status, marital status, religion, birth date, or
hobbies and interests. This is personal information that will not secure you
a job. You want your resume and cover letter to be judged on your employment
merits only.
- Employment Demands. Don't focus on what you expect from the company and
the position. You are first trying to impress the employer with your skill set
and gain their interest. Your "demands" can be addressed later in the job
interview process.
- Amusing anecdotes: In general, if you desire serious consideration, your
cover letter should adopt a serious, professional tone.
Cover Letter Samples & Resources
The JobMetaSeek Resume Directory
contains links to more than 500 Resume and Cover Letter Resources.
The following examples are a few of the fifty samples available from Susan Ireland Resumes
Susan Ireland, resume expert and author of The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Perfect Resume and The Complete Idiot's Guide to
the Perfect Cover Letter, offers free advice and samples
Knows Someone Who Knows the Manager
Does Not Know the Manager
Shows Special Connection with the Organization
Follows Up on a Meeting or Phone Call
Writes to a Human Resources Department
Responds to a Newspaper Ad
Writes to a Recruiter
Emails a Cover Note
Additional Cover Letter Resources
Cover Letters
Guidance and sample cover letters from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
Sample Cover Letters
Vault.com offers common cover letter mistakes as well as other tips and samples.
Sample Cover Letters
Monster.com offers samples including a military to civilian letter, thank you and letter
of recommendation.
Cover Letter Types & Samples
From the Career Center at Virginia Tech.